At the moment the biological processes of organic waste treatment (anaerobic digestion) that take place in waste treatment plants occur spontaneously, with minimal technological control and no biotechnological control. This generates multiple unknowns.
One of the main enigmas to be solved and on which the optimization and improvement of these processes is based on the control and knowledge of the populations of microorganisms involved in the process. In this sense, given their heterogeneity and spontaneity, as well as their relationship and dependence on operational factors, it is necessary to carry out research under the most controlled conditions as possible, so that the results and methodologies developed can allow extrapolating conclusions and future operating strategies.